HAVANA — Residents of Havana are cutting back on hair washing, laundry and personal car use as severe shortages of water, power and fuel reshape daily routines across Cuba. Severe blackouts persist on the island, and the salon where one hairstylist works recently went three weeks without water because electricity powers the pump stations that supply it.

Some Cubans are washing their hair only twice a month and wearing clothes longer between washes. People who previously had more resources are eliminating long-established routines as they adapt to the worsening shortages.

Melina Colás, a manicurist in Havana, recently received long braids for her birthday but found them difficult to maintain because of chronic water shortages. She previously wore her hair long and straightened before deciding to cut it and wear it natural.

"Before, you could do whatever you wanted," Colás said, referring to hairstyling when water was readily available. She now uses a spray of water and vinegar on clients, which she said helps soften cuticles and prevent fungal infections as the intervals between manicure appointments grow longer. "Some cases are critical," Colás said.

Betty Ramírez Aldana, 50, a hairstylist, has seen her client base shrink as household budgets contract. "It really came as a shock to me, because I've lost a lot of clients," Ramírez Aldana said. "Normally by now I'd have five, six, eight clients. Look at the hour. And no one has showed up."

Ramírez Aldana said more women are growing out their roots because of a lack of gasoline, limited public transportation and tight budgets. Clients who can afford it call her for home visits. "I don't serve one, I serve two or three," she said.

Antonia Isalgués Barrién, 60, who works for a state-run company operating boats from eastern Havana to the city center, said she hangs her clothes outside every day after work because she has no water to wash them, and that she used to launder them nearly daily before the shortages. "It's very hot here in Cuba; you sweat a lot," Isalgués Barrién said. She said passenger numbers on her boat service have increased as gas stations have closed and public bus service has been curtailed.

Cuba went three months without fuel shipments until a Russian tanker delivered 730,000 barrels of oil in late March. That shipment is expected to last nine to ten days.