WASHINGTON, D.C. — The Supreme Court issued its final opinions for the 2025-26 term on Tuesday, July 1, 2026. The Court invalidated President Donald Trump's executive order on birthright citizenship and upheld state restrictions on transgender athletes in women's sports.

In the case of Trump v. Barbara, the Supreme Court struck down the executive order concerning birthright citizenship. The Court held that children born in the United States to parents who are in the country illegally or temporarily satisfy the 14th Amendment's citizenship clause. Chief Justice John Roberts authored the majority opinion, joined by Justices Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, Amy Coney Barrett, and Ketanji Brown Jackson. Justice Brett Kavanaugh concurred in the judgment and dissented in part, while Justice Clarence Thomas wrote a dissenting opinion joined by Justice Neil Gorsuch. Justices Gorsuch and Samuel Alito also wrote separate dissenting opinions.

The Court addressed the issue of transgender athletes in women's sports in West Virginia v. B.P.J. and Little v. Hecox. The Court held that Title IX permits schools to maintain separate women's and men's sports teams based on biological sex. Furthermore, the Supreme Court ruled that West Virginia and Idaho did not violate the 14th Amendment's equal protection clause by requiring that only biological females could participate on female sports teams. Justice Brett Kavanaugh wrote the majority opinion, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts, Justices Clarence Thomas, Samuel Alito, Neil Gorsuch, and Amy Coney Barrett.

Justice Sonia Sotomayor wrote an opinion concurring in the judgment in part and dissenting in part in the West Virginia and Idaho cases, joined by Justices Elena Kagan and Ketanji Brown Jackson. Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson authored a separate opinion, also concurring in the judgment in part and dissenting in part.

In other decisions, the Supreme Court held in National Republican Senatorial Committee v. Federal Election Commission that the Federal Election Campaign Act's restrictions on political party spending on campaign activities coordinated with candidates violate the First Amendment. The Court ruled 6-3 in this case, with Justice Brett Kavanaugh writing the majority opinion. Justice Elena Kagan wrote a dissenting opinion, which Justices Sonia Sotomayor and Ketanji Brown Jackson joined.

The Supreme Court also denied the Trump administration's request to fire U.S. Copyright Register Shira Perlmutter. The Court took up cases during its Monday conference, including four new cases, two of which are consolidated. Additionally, the Court announced it will hear cases concerning the constitutionality of bans on AR-15s and other semiautomatic rifles, religious discrimination, and a contempt order targeting Apple.