One Nation has released a policy package that includes proposals to abolish the Therapeutic Goods Administration, implement photo identification for Medicare cards, and withdraw Australia from the World Health Organization. The party also pledged a royal commission to examine the management of the Covid-19 pandemic and stated its opposition to vaccine mandates.

One Nation intends to roll the Therapeutic Goods Administration's functions into the health department if it scraps the agency. Peter Breadon, health program director at the Grattan Institute, said, "Targeting an agency that is majority funded through cost recovery [fees and charges to pharmaceuticals], not through taxpayer funding, also doesn't make a lot of sense." He added, "So that really doesn't stand up to even a very small amount of scrutiny. It just looks to me like an error."

The party also indicated plans to review $3 billion in medications approved for the pharmaceutical benefits scheme during the pandemic. One Nation's website claims that up to $3 billion is lost annually due to fraudulent claims and misuse of Medicare. Breadon stated, "They're talking about an estimate of savings that has nothing to do with their proposal, and there's not much evidence that consumer fraud for Medicare cards is a meaningful cost to government." He noted, "And if we did implement this policy of putting photo IDs on that, that does impose a lot of costs."

Pauline Hanson, the leader of One Nation, introduced a private member's bill in the Senate in 2019 to add photo identification to Medicare cards. That bill lapsed at the end of the parliamentary term in 2022. Hanson also attempted twice to introduce legislation to prevent discrimination against Australians who declined the Covid-19 vaccine.

One Nation has also proposed withdrawing from the United Nations and the Paris climate agreement, claiming these withdrawals, along with leaving the World Health Organization, could save up to $1 billion annually. Dr. Danielle McMullen, president of the Australian Medical Association, stated, "The World Health Organization plays an incredibly important role in global health and it is in Australia's interests to continue to contribute to its work." She added, "We are part of a global community and health threats do not stop at national borders." Regarding the Therapeutic Goods Administration, McMullen said, "Australian's want to know their medicines are safe and clinically effective and the independent Therapeutic Goods Administration ensures this is the case. Its independence means that the safety of the community is put first."

Breadon indicated that if Australia were to withdraw from the WHO, it would encounter similar issues to those faced by the United States after the Trump administration's withdrawal. Terry Barnes, a former Howard-era health policy adviser, said, "I think there is imitation of Donald Trump's health policy particularly in relation to the 'make America healthy again' agenda." He added, "But certainly the Trump administration's hostility to international health agencies is reflected in One Nation's policy statement." Federal Health Minister Mark Butler characterized One Nation as a "risk to Medicare and cheaper medicines."

In the most recent Resolve Political Monitor poll, Pauline Hanson polled ahead of Anthony Albanese as the preferred prime minister.