Relevance: supporting · Type: background
Confidence100%
Since 2008, the number of countries engaged in external conflicts has increased to just over 100.
Relevance: supporting · Type: background
Confidence100%
The economic impact of violence is approximately $22 trillion.
Relevance: supporting · Type: background
Confidence100%
The economic impact of violence represents more than 10% of global gross domestic product.
Sam Haynes, Head of data and analytics at Verisk Maplecroft
Relevance: primary · Type: quote
Confidence100%
"Instead of looking back, insurers and investors increasingly want to know what might happen and where," said Sam Haynes, head of data and analytics at Verisk Maplecroft.
Relevance: primary · Type: action
Confidence100%
Verisk Maplecroft released the Predictive War Index to clients in late May 2026.
Relevance: primary · Type: background
Confidence100%
The Predictive War Index uses a machine learning algorithm to forecast the probability of war in a country over a 12-month period.
Relevance: primary · Type: background
Confidence100%
The Predictive War Index was trained on political, economic, and social datasets from 1995 to 2022.
Relevance: primary · Type: background
Confidence100%
Back-testing by Verisk indicates the model would have calculated a 66% probability of war in Iran approximately 1.5 months after an early January evaluation date.
Relevance: supporting · Type: background
Confidence100%
Verisk Maplecroft operates a Geopolitical Relations Index that monitors tension levels between country pairs based on past military clashes, governmental system similarities, and geographical proximity.
Relevance: primary · Type: event
Confidence100%
Verisk Maplecroft launched a predictive model in October 2023 that correctly forecast six out of seven government collapses.
Relevance: supporting · Type: event
Confidence100%
The October 2023 model predicted the removal of Syrian leader Bashar al-Assad in 2024.
Relevance: supporting · Type: event
Confidence100%
The October 2023 model predicted the removal of Venezuelan leader Nicolas Maduro in January 2026.
Chris Boylan, Data science expert at Verisk Maplecroft
Relevance: supporting · Type: quote
Confidence100%
"There were economic issues combined with a past history of political instability that increased the risk," said Chris Boylan, data science expert at Verisk Maplecroft.
Relevance: primary · Type: background
Confidence100%
The RAND Corporation operates an artificial intelligence system that converts geopolitical scenarios into probability estimates.
Relevance: supporting · Type: background
Confidence100%
The RAND system aggregates opinions from non-specialists to generate forecasts.
Relevance: primary · Type: background
Confidence100%
In mid-May, the RAND system calculated a 20% probability that Iran's government would not remain in power through 2027.
Anthony Vassalo, Director of the RAND Forecasting Initiative
Relevance: primary · Type: quote
Confidence100%
"The results are designed not just to describe what might happen, but to show policymakers how specific actions — sanctions pressure, diplomatic engagement, or support for civil society — would shift those probabilities in practice," said Anthony Vassalo, director of the RAND Forecasting Initiative.
Relevance: supporting · Type: background
Confidence100%
Krishan Sharma serves as senior vice president of model risk management at Citigroup Inc.
Relevance: primary · Type: event
Confidence100%
Lloyds of London quoted marine war risk insurance premiums in the Strait of Hormuz at up to 1% of a vessel's value per voyage after February 28, 2026.
Relevance: supporting · Type: background
Confidence100%
Moody's reported that prior marine war risk insurance premiums in the region were less than one percent per voyage.
Relevance: primary · Type: event
Confidence100%
Iranian officials disputed President Donald Trump's claim that the United States and Iran were preparing to sign an interim peace agreement to reopen the Strait of Hormuz.
Relevance: supporting · Type: background
Confidence100%
Gordon Woo serves as a catastrophe risk specialist at Moody's.
Gordon Woo, Catastrophe risk specialist at Moody's
Relevance: supporting · Type: quote
Confidence100%
"Modeling experts are now looking at conflict scenarios as they would a terrorist attack, where relatively low‑cost acts can generate disproportionate economic losses," said Gordon Woo, catastrophe risk specialist at Moody's.
Relevance: supporting · Type: background
Confidence100%
Tina Fordham co-founded Fordham Global Foresight and previously held the title of chief global political analyst at Citigroup Inc.
Tina Fordham, Co-founder of Fordham Global Foresight
Relevance: supporting · Type: quote
Confidence100%
"The events unfolding are consistent with our supercycle geopolitics thesis, where increased risk drivers are breaking through global guardrails and causing a higher number of geopolitical shocks," said Tina Fordham, co-founder of Fordham Global Foresight.
Relevance: supporting · Type: background
Confidence100%
Allianz published a corporate risk assessment in May 2026 that ranked war as the most feared source of political violence for insurance buyers.
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